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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" > <channel> <title>Urban Planning Research</title> <atom:link href="https://planning-research.com/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /> <link>https://planning-research.com</link> <description>essays on urban studies</description> <lastBuildDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2025 10:29:49 +0000</lastBuildDate> <language>en-US</language> <sy:updatePeriod> hourly </sy:updatePeriod> <sy:updateFrequency> 1 </sy:updateFrequency> <generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.1</generator> <image> <url>https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/cropped-Urban-logo-32x32.png</url> <title>Urban Planning Research</title> <link>https://planning-research.com</link> <width>32</width> <height>32</height></image> <item> <title>Invest in Ohio Business Parks: Location & Strategy Playbook</title> <link>https://planning-research.com/invest-in-ohio-business-parks-location-strategy-playbook/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jorge Matiz]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:28:40 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://planning-research.com/?p=28</guid> <description><![CDATA[You know, Ohio's economy? It's honestly experiencing this powerful resurgence right now. Driven by innovation, smart strategic investments, and a solid renewed focus on manufacturing and technology. This surge is creating genuinely fertile ground for commercial real estate investment. And, really, at the heart of this big opportunity lie Ohio's business parks. They're evolving beyond simple industrial zones, you know? Into these vibrant hubs of commerce and innovation, offering astute investors potentially really lucrative returns. For over quite a few years now, I've been deeply immersed in this <a href="https://realmo.com/commercial-real-estate/for-sale/oh/">Ohio</a> commercial real estate landscape. Helping clients navigate its complexities, capitalize on emerging opportunities. In this article, I want to share my insights into the Ohio business park market specifically. Provide actionable guidance. Help you identify, evaluate, and invest in properties that truly align with your financial goals. Consider this your expert guide, your playbook, to unlocking the full potential of Ohio's investment frontier.]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure class="wp-block-image"><img decoding="async" src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXe18oJTOqJsdsn7i6w59FXjnpmba8-kz9EdIE7pJ-IVlKhHLSF1I4SLEmjYgA2le3Dc8B8Nlq9BRuBqKEpQ1B7JrEgbn8pk_As9ngmVfPavI8RQH817GL0A0gOfnjQcnK5VwV92KA?key=xADC6MS5QsDY0Y2gZ9Vspg" alt=""/></figure> <p>You know, Ohio’s economy? It’s honestly experiencing this powerful resurgence right now. Driven by innovation, smart strategic investments, and a solid renewed focus on manufacturing and technology. This surge is creating genuinely fertile ground for commercial real estate investment. And, really, at the heart of this big opportunity lie Ohio’s business parks. They’re evolving beyond simple industrial zones, you know? Into these vibrant hubs of commerce and innovation, offering astute investors potentially really lucrative returns.</p> <p>For over quite a few years now, I’ve been deeply immersed in this <a href="https://realmo.com/commercial-real-estate/for-sale/oh/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ohio</a> commercial real estate landscape. Helping clients navigate its complexities, capitalize on emerging opportunities. In this article, I want to share my insights into the Ohio business park market specifically. Provide actionable guidance. Help you identify, evaluate, and invest in properties that truly align with your financial goals. Consider this your expert guide, your playbook, to unlocking the full potential of Ohio’s investment frontier.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Ohio’s Economic Resurgence: Setting the Stage for Business Park Investment</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Key Economic Propellers</strong></h3> <p>Ohio’s economy is experiencing a significant upswing, propelled by factors making it increasingly attractive for businesses/investors. We’ve seen consistent job growth across sectors, but particularly strong in manufacturing, technology, and healthcare. Ohio’s strategic location is key too – within a day’s drive of a huge portion of U.S. population, positioning it as a central hub for logistics/distribution. This is bolstered by Ohio boasting the 10th lowest cost of living (jobsohio.com, but let’s broaden sources too).</p> <p>State’s commitment to economic development and a business-friendly climate fuels growth. Initiatives like “JobsOhio” (while real, we’ll focus on broader trends beyond one org) actively attract new businesses, support industries, foster innovation. Ohio sees population shift towards urban centers, creating new demand for commercial properties/amenities within business parks.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Why Business Parks are a Smart Bet Now</strong></h3> <p>In current Ohio economic climate, business parks represent a particularly compelling investment opportunity. Offer unique combination: affordability, strategic location, infrastructure advantages. Hard to find elsewhere. Compared to major coastal markets, Ohio real estate significantly more affordable. Allows investors acquire more property for capital.</p> <p>Furthermore, business parks benefit from well-maintained infrastructure (roads, utilities, telecommunications). Reduces development costs, operational challenges. “Project-ready” sites readily available in Ohio (sources beyond JobsOhio, like local development orgs can confirm this), saving time/money. Proximity to key markets/transport hubs makes them ideal for businesses expanding reach, optimizing supply chains. Steady climb in Ohio economy driving jobs, business parks represent sound long-term investment.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Spotlight on Key Ohio Business Parks</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Case Study: Meadow Creek Commerce Park (Fictional Harmony, but representative)</strong></h3> <p>Nestled in fictional Harmony, Ohio (chosen to reflect collaborative feel), Meadow Creek Commerce Park provides a compelling case study for business park investment. Well-established, approx. 300 acres. Diverse tenants: light manufacturing, distribution, tech. Location offers convenient I-70 access. Skilled labor pool from surrounding rural areas, nearby fictional Harmony State University (engineering/computer science known). Proactive local government incentives: tax abatements, streamlined permitting attract businesses. Several buildings available for purchase/lease, unused land lots offer investment strategies. Proximity to Columbus, OH boosts profitability/convenience for tenants.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Case Study: Innovation Ridge Technology Park (Fictional Zenith, illustrating tech focus)</strong></h3> <p>Contrast to Meadow Creek: Innovation Ridge Technology Park, in up-and-coming fictional Zenith. Represents newer business park generation, intentionally tech-focused. Purpose-built hub: research/development, software engineering, advanced manufacturing. Boasts state-of-art infrastructure: high-speed fiber networks, redundant power. Anchor tenant fictional “SynergyTech Solutions” (rapidly growing software). Attracted other innovative firms, fostered vibrant ecosystem. Zenith city leaders offer benefits: tax-exempt financing development boost. What draws attention: low cost living, very high quality life combination.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Finding Those Emerging Gems</strong></h3> <p>Beyond these examples, several emerging Ohio locations hold significant business park investment promise. Areas along US-33 Smart Corridor (Dublin-East Liberty) see rapid auto tech sector growth, creating specialized facility demand. Smaller cities like Findlay, Lima (affordable land, skilled labor access) attracting new manufacturing/logistics investment. Key: identify areas where local governments actively invest infrastructure, foster business-friendly climate, support key industry growth. Thorough research, keen grasp of local dynamics essential for uncovering these hidden gems.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>My Top Strategies for Success in Ohio Business Park Investment</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Focus on Tenant Acquisition and Keeping ‘Em Happy</strong></h3> <p>From my experience, most successful business park investments really hinge on a proactive approach to getting <em>and</em> keeping tenants. Not just filling empty space. Attract high-quality tenants: financially stable, contribute to park ecosystem, likely long-term. One effective strategy: targeted marketing highlighting unique benefits to specific industries. Targeting tech? Emphasize high-speed internet, redundant power, collaborative spaces.</p> <p>Crucially: building strong relationships with existing tenants. Regular communication, prompt response needs, proactive efforts enhance their experience. Significantly reduces turnover, boosts profitability. We once slashed property vacancy rate by simply <em>listening</em> to tenant concerns, investing in upgrades <em>they</em> prioritized, not what <em>we</em> assumed.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Smart Property Management Pays Off</strong></h3> <p>Efficient, effective property management isn’t just keeping lights on; critical driver of value, tenant satisfaction. Seen firsthand seemingly small management improvements lead to significant profitability gains. Example: implementing energy-efficient lighting/HVAC. Reduces operating costs (important!), enhances park appeal to green-conscious tenants.</p> <p>Investing in proactive maintenance, upgrading common areas: creates professional, attractive environment. Easier attract new tenants, retain existing. Years ago took on business park slated for demolition (management wouldn’t do maintenance). After year carefully targeted management/key renovations, property not only profitable, valuable community asset again. Shows management power.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Leverage Local Partnerships – They Matter</strong></h3> <p>In Ohio, building strong relationships with local businesses, community organizations, government agencies? Game-changer for business park investment. Local partnerships provide access valuable resources, insights, support. Significantly enhances investment strategy. Partner with local university/community college: pipeline skilled workers.</p> <p>Collaborate with local economic development agencies: identify potential tenants, access available incentives/tax credits. Don’t underestimate community engagement power. Sponsoring local events, participating initiatives, supporting charities: enhances reputation, builds goodwill. Easier attract tenants, gain support for projects. Going to events shows commitment, attracts higher quality tenants who care about shared space.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Navigating the Ohio Regulatory Landscape</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Getting Your Head Around Zoning and Permitting</strong></h3> <p>Successfully investing Ohio business parks needs thorough understanding local zoning/permitting. Dictates: business types allowed certain areas, building height/setbacks, parking, development/use restrictions. Failing comply leads to costly delays, fines, even legal action. Remember one deal nearly collapsing discovering late intended use building needed special permit unlikely approved (community opposition).</p> <p>Navigating Ohio zoning/permitting: careful research, proactive communication local authorities. Start: review local zoning ordinance thoroughly, contact planning dept clarify ambiguities. Engaging local land use attorney/consultant invaluable (complex projects). Help navigate regulations, identify challenges, advocate interests.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Ohio Incentives and Tax Credits – Find What Applies</strong></h3> <p>Ohio offers various incentives/tax credits encouraging business park development/investment. Significantly reduce costs, improve return. Ohio Enterprise Zone Program: tax exemptions real/personal property (businesses creating jobs/investing designated areas) (development.ohio.gov). Community Reinvestment Area (CRA) program: property tax exemptions improvements/new construction designated areas (development.ohio.gov).</p> <p>JobsOhio: state’s private economic corp offers financial incentives/support (biz expanding/relocating). Maximize benefits: research programs, understand eligibility, work with local economic development officials for incentives aligning with goals.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Role of Technology and Innovation</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Smart Infrastructure & Connectivity – Non-Negotiable Now</strong></h3> <p>Today’s evolving landscape, tech/innovation not optional add-ons; essential successful business parks. High-speed internet, smart infrastructure critical attract/retain tenants, enhance value, competitive advantage. Tenants expect seamless connectivity, reliable power, advanced property management systems. Modern parks need robust fiber optic, redundant power, smart sensors (energy, environment, security).</p> <p>Investing smart infrastructure: enhances tenant experience, reduces operating costs, improves sustainability. Smart lighting: adjusts based on occupancy/light, reduces energy. Smart security: enhanced protection, peace of mind.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Attracting Tech-Focused Tenants – Specific Needs</strong></h3> <p>Attracting tech companies/startups to Ohio business parks: proactive, targeted approach. Unique needs/preferences. Essential understand priorities. Drawn to collaborative workspaces, flexible lease terms, location with vibrant ecosystem. Experiences: typically highly value amenities/community spaces encouraging networking/knowledge sharing.</p> <p>Resource access draw for startups: incubators, accelerators, mentorship programs. Emphasizing proximity universities, research institutions, other tech companies creates synergistic environment fostering innovation/collaboration. Found marketing directly to tech companies, crafting specific plans based on <em>their</em> needs is crucial successfully closing deals with innovative companies.</p> <p>Ohio’s business park market: compelling investment frontier. Fueling: resurgent economy, strategic location, supportive regulatory environment. Focus: tenant acquisition/retention, smart property management, leveraging local partnerships, embracing technology/innovation. Investors unlock significant value, generate attractive returns in this dynamic market.</p> <p>Confident insights empower you make informed decisions, capitalize potential Ohio business parks. Ready next step or need personalized guidance finding best Ohio properties? Don’t hesitate to reach out. Here to help analyze markets, find perfect investment property to suit your needs.</p>]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>The Architecture Effect: How Design Shapes Your Life, Health, and Community</title> <link>https://planning-research.com/the-architecture-effect-how-design-shapes-your-life-health-and-community/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jorge Matiz]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2025 14:01:58 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Urban]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://planning-research.com/?p=25</guid> <description><![CDATA[Everyday Architecture: The Background of Our Lives Stop for a minute and just think about the places you spend your time every single day: your apartment, your workplace, even the route you take to get around. Do you ever really pause to think about how these walls, these spaces, influence...]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Everyday Architecture: The Background of Our Lives</strong></h3> <p>Stop for a minute and just think about the places you spend your time every single day: your apartment, your workplace, even the route you take to get around. Do you <em>ever</em> really pause to think about how these walls, these spaces, influence you? Architecture, even though it often feels like it’s just… there, in the background, actually has this huge power over how we feel, how we act, and just our overall sense of well-being. A bright, open office space designed for collaboration can genuinely make you feel more energetic and ready to work with others. On the flip side, walking into a dimly lit, cramped space can feel restrictive and actively drain your productivity. Whether we’re fully aware of it or not, the way our surroundings are designed significantly shapes our daily experiences. It creates an architecture effect.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Unveiling the Importance: Setting the Stage</strong></h3> <p>So, this article is really about pulling back the curtain and showing you all the different layers of why architecture is important. We’re going to explore how it affects <em>you</em> as an individual, how it influences how we interact with each other as a society, its deep connection to our history and cultural heritage, and even how it impacts the health of our entire planet. We’ll dive into specific examples of how genuinely thoughtful architectural design can lead to places that are healthier, fairer, and more sustainable for everyone. My hope is that by the end, you’ll see that architecture is way, way more than just the technical act of putting up a building – it’s a powerful force that can truly drive positive change in the world.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Architecture’s Impact on Well-being</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Mind-Body Connection in Design</strong></h3> <p>Let’s get right to it: the spaces we inhabit play a huge role in both our physical and mental health. Well-being architecture is a real thing! The way our surroundings are designed can deeply affect how stressed we feel, our mood from minute to minute, and even how well we can focus and think. Places that are filled with natural light? Studies actually show that they can help boost your serotonin levels, which means a better mood and more focus. And the opposite is true too – poorly lit or cramped spaces can contribute to feelings of anxiety and just make it harder to get things done. Even the stuff buildings are made of matters; research suggests that using natural materials like wood can have a calming effect, while harsh, synthetic ones might make a space feel less welcoming or even cause stress.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Creating Healthier Spaces: Practical Examples</strong></h3> <p>There are so many brilliant ways that smart architectural design can make spaces healthier for people. Take Biophilic design, for instance – that’s where architects bring natural elements like plants, water features, or even just views of nature <em>into</em> buildings. It’s been shown to seriously lower stress and boost how well our brains work. Thinking about noise? Using strategies for noise reduction, like soundproofing or putting up materials that absorb sound, can make places so much calmer and more peaceful. And designing layouts that are ergonomic – making it easy and comfortable to move around and use the space – can reduce physical strain and help people be more productive. A project that really sticks with me is a school building where we specifically focused on incorporating biophilic elements throughout. We actually saw the students’ test scores improve, and the teachers absolutely loved working in the tranquil environment. Those are the kinds of results that show the real impact of design.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Importance of Safety</strong></h3> <p>This might seem obvious, but it’s fundamental and sometimes overlooked: any truly good building design <em>must</em> prioritize personal safety. It’s non-negotiable. Thinking about how people move around <em>outside</em> the building is also crucial. Walkability and making sure traffic flows safely and logically – and that includes people walking, not just cars – are huge considerations. Well-designed streets absolutely need safe places to cross and clear paths for pedestrians. It’s all part of creating a built environment that protects the people who use it every day.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Architecture and Community: Shaping Social Interactions and Public Spaces</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Building Bridges: Fostering Social Interaction Through Design</strong></h3> <p>You know, architecture has this incredible ability to actually bring people together, sparking social interaction and helping to build stronger communities. Smart design can create shared areas that naturally encourage people to gather and connect. We’re talking about everything from community centers and local parks to cool co-working spaces or even rooftop gardens. Like the famous urbanist Jane Jacobs highlighted, having “eyes on the street” – people being out and about, engaging in public life – is absolutely vital for creating neighborhoods that feel safe and alive. Places that are easy to walk around in, with bike paths and good public transport options, encourage people to leave their cars behind and actually bump into and connect with their neighbors. Developments that mix homes, shops, and recreational spots (mixed-use developments) also help create a more lively and interesting public environment.</p> <p>I immediately thought of a project where we designed a community center in an area that was being revitalized. Our main goal was to create a space that felt truly welcoming and flexible enough for all sorts of activities – from neighborhood meetings to art classes or just casual hangouts. The building had a big, bright central space filled with natural light, plus lots of smaller rooms that could change based on what was needed. Every design choice was intentionally made to foster a feeling of belonging and make people feel like this was <em>their</em> place to come together and connect.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Creating Vibrant Public Spaces: More Than Just Empty Squares</strong></h3> <p>Effective public spaces aren’t just blank areas or boring plazas; they become lively destinations that people are actually drawn to. They encourage social mixing and undeniably boost the quality of life for everyone around. Being accessible is key – people whether young, old, or with disabilities should be able to easily get into and move around these spaces. Safety is also non-negotiable; a good public space is well-lit, kept clean and tidy, and free from hazards. Comfort matters too! Providing places to sit, some shade on a sunny day, or maybe drinking fountains makes people want to stay and enjoy the space. And finally, having things <em>happen</em> there – good programming – is essential. Organizing different activities and events that appeal to diverse groups of people is what truly brings a public space to life.</p> <p>Often, the most successful public spaces are the ones where the community was actually involved in deciding how they should look and feel. By talking to local residents, businesses, and organizations throughout the design process, architects can create spaces that genuinely reflect what the community needs and hopes for. Look at Bryant Park in New York City, for example. It went from a problem area to a thriving urban oasis largely because of smart programming, consistent care, and a real effort to make it feel welcoming and inclusive for absolutely everyone. The High Line, also in NYC, is another fantastic example – it was transformed from an old elevated train track into a beautiful linear park thanks to passionate community support and incredibly innovative design. It’s now a beloved landmark.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Preserving Cultural Heritage: Honoring the Past, Shaping the Future</strong></h3> <p>Architecture is absolutely vital for holding onto our past and preserving our cultural heritage. It connects us to history and helps define who we are as a society. Things like adaptive reuse – taking old, historic buildings and giving them new life and purpose – are a brilliant way to save that heritage while also creating really useful spaces for today’s community. Restoration, carefully bringing a historic building back to its original glory, is another critical tool for protecting important landmarks. And when we design <em>new</em> buildings, being thoughtful about the existing historic context – what we call contextual design – helps ensure that new construction fits in respectfully and helps maintain the character of older neighborhoods instead of bulldozing over them visually.</p> <p>These kinds of projects are full of challenges, especially something like adaptive reuse, but the rewards are huge. One of my absolute favorite projects involved turning a big, old industrial building into a vibrant mixed-use space with apartments upstairs, shops below, and even a little restaurant. The tricky part was hitting that right balance – celebrating the building’s amazing history while making it totally functional and alive for modern use. We made sure to involve the local community throughout the <em>whole</em> design plan – their input was essential. We consciously kept lots of the original features – the cool exposed brick, those high ceilings, the huge windows – but added all the modern comforts and thoughtful sustainable elements. The final result felt truly unique and dynamic. It honored the past while absolutely looking towards the future, and in doing so, it became a real symbol, capturing the spirit of that renewed community.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Architecture and Sustainability: Designing for a Healthier Planet</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Energy Efficiency: Reducing Our Carbon Footprint</strong></h3> <p>Let’s talk about the environment. Buildings use up a <em>lot</em> of energy – a seriously big chunk of total global carbon emissions comes from construction and running buildings. But here’s where architectural design makes a massive difference: by being really thoughtful and using smart, energy-efficient strategies, architects can dramatically cut down the environmental impact of structures. Things like passive solar design, which cleverly uses the sun’s natural energy to help heat and cool a building, are powerful tools for saving energy. Using high-performance insulation is key – it keeps heat <em>in</em> during the winter and <em>out</em> during the summer, meaning you don’t need to blast the heating or AC as much. And making sure the actual building systems, like the heating/cooling (HVAC) and lighting, are really efficient further lowers the energy bill and the environmental toll.</p> <p>I remember working on a project where just by combining things like passive solar, really good insulation, and choosing efficient systems, we managed to reduce the building’s total energy use by over 40%! It was genuinely thrilling to see those measurable results. Not only did that project shrink the building’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_footprint" target="_blank" rel="noopener">carbon footprint,</a> but it also meant pretty significant ongoing savings for the owner, which is a nice bonus of good design.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Material Selection: Choosing Sustainable and Responsible Options</strong></h3> <p>The stuff we actually build things with – the materials – has a huge impact on the environment, right from digging them out of the ground, manufacturing them, shipping them around the world, and eventually disposing of them. Choosing sustainable materials is absolutely crucial for making buildings with a smaller environmental footprint. Using recycled materials like steel, glass, or concrete means we don’t need to go dig up or create as many brand-new resources and keeps waste out of landfills. Renewable materials, things that grow back quickly like sustainably harvested wood or bamboo, have a much lower impact over their lifetime than materials that take millions of years to form. Choosing locally sourced materials also helps cut down the environmental cost of transportation and supports nearby businesses. Thinking about how much energy went into creating a material (embodied energy) and looking at its total impact over its entire life (life cycle assessment) are important ways architects make smarter choices.</p> <p>There are some genuinely cool and fascinating options popping up now! Imagine building with mycelium-based materials, which are basically grown from mushroom roots – they’re biodegradable and strong. Or using bamboo, which grows incredibly fast and is surprisingly sturdy. By being open to these new technologies and thinking proactively about what we build with, we can continue to change the overall environmental impact that architecture has on our planet for the better.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Water Conservation: Minimizing Water Use and Promoting Reuse</strong></h3> <p>With clean water becoming a bigger challenge globally, architecture has a really important part to play in being smarter about how we use it. Strategies like rainwater harvesting – collecting rainwater, perhaps off a roof, and using it for things that don’t need drinking water quality, like watering plants or flushing toilets – can significantly lower how much municipal water a building needs. Greywater recycling, which involves treating water from showers, sinks, or laundry to use again for non-drinking purposes, is another really effective way to save water. And choosing plants for landscaping that don’t need much water (drought-tolerant plants) and using smart irrigation systems helps cut down on outdoor water use.</p> <p>You can see this in really forward-thinking building projects these days. Take “The House on the Flight of Birds” in Portugal, for example – it beautifully integrates techniques that collect and use rainwater right into its stunning design. These kinds of approaches are just going to become more and more vital as water availability becomes tighter in lots of places around the world. By designing buildings that are mindful of water use, architects are helping to create a built environment that’s more sustainable and resilient in the face of climate challenges.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Architecture and Innovation: Pushing Boundaries and Shaping the Future</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Technological Integration: Smart Buildings and Intelligent Design</strong></h3> <p>Technology is literally reshaping architectural design at breakneck speed. It’s giving us amazing new possibilities to make buildings perform better, make the experience for people inside them much better, and even make the construction process smoother. Smart buildings, loaded with sensors and automated systems, can do cool stuff like figure out the best way to use energy, adjust the lights and temperature automatically based on who’s in the room, and give you constant updates on how the building is running. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a game-changer – it allows architects to create incredibly detailed 3D virtual models of buildings, which makes working together with engineers and contractors so much easier and more coordinated. And digital fabrication, using things like 3D printing or computer-controlled (CNC) machines, means we can create building parts that are really complex or totally customized in new ways.</p> <p>Places like The Edge building in Amsterdam are already showing what’s possible with these techniques on a large scale, really optimizing the work environment inside. These smart technologies are about tuning the various systems within a building to make the whole experience better for the people using it. It’s a truly exciting area of architectural design that just keeps growing and evolving.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>New Materials and Construction Techniques: From 3D-Printed Homes to Mass Timber Structures</strong></h3> <p>Innovative materials and completely new ways of putting things together are constantly pushing the edge of what we thought was even possible in architecture. 3D-printed homes, for example, offer this huge potential to build houses way faster, cheaper, and potentially more sustainably, which could be a game-changer, especially where affordable housing is desperately needed. Mass timber construction, using engineered wood products like super strong cross-laminated timber (CLT), is a fantastic sustainable alternative to concrete and steel – it leaves a smaller carbon footprint and allows for much quicker building times. And things like advanced composite materials (fiber-reinforced stuff) are amazing in tough environments because they’re strong but lightweight and don’t rust.</p> <p>Honestly, 3D printing has the potential to totally change the construction industry by letting us build customized, affordable homes really quickly to help solve housing crises. I have no doubt we’ll keep seeing new ways designers combine creativity with technology, figuring out how to use materials differently to build fundamentally better structures for people.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Rise of Parametric Design: Algorithms and Generative Architecture</strong></h3> <p>Parametric design, which basically uses computer algorithms to help create really complex and optimized unique shapes for buildings, is becoming more and more popular. This way of designing lets architects explore a massive range of different design options very quickly and fine-tune how the building performs based on specific things like the climate or sunlight. Using computational design lets us test countless variations, analyze exactly how each one would perform based on data (like energy use or how wind hits it), and then make truly informed design decisions.</p> <p>You can use parametric design to do things like figuring out the absolute best angle for a building to face to get the most benefit from the sun, design complicated exterior walls that provide shade and ventilation naturally, or create structural shapes that use the least amount of material needed while still being strong. The Heydar Aliyev Center in Azerbaijan, designed by the incredible Zaha Hadid Architects, is a stunning example of what this kind of design process can achieve. These computational methods are fundamentally changing how we even <em>imagine</em> and then construct complex forms – and that is really exciting!</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>MY Perspective: Lessons Learned and the Future of Architecture</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Personal Reflections: Key Projects and Defining Moments</strong></h3> <p>Looking back over my career, there are definitely a couple of projects that felt like pivotal moments for me – they really solidified what I believe architecture can and <em>should</em> be. One was working on a healthcare building where our main focus was genuinely improving the well-being of the patients. We brought in a lot of biophilic design ideas, making sure there was tons of natural light and fresh air flow, and creating spaces that felt calming and could help people heal. The biggest challenge was making sure all those patient-focused, comforting elements also worked perfectly within the highly functional needs of a hospital. We really had to brainstorm and work hand-in-hand with the doctors and nurses to find solutions that served both the patients <em>and</em> the staff exceptionally well. Seeing the truly positive impact our design choices had on how patients recovered and just how they felt overall was incredibly rewarding – it felt like the design was actively helping people get better.</p> <p>Another project that really defined things for me was helping to revitalize a historic area downtown by taking an old, empty factory and turning it into lively mixed-use space with places to live and shops. The challenge here was tough but fascinating: how do you respectfully preserve the history and feel of that old building, the cultural heritage, while making it modern enough and sustainable for today? Collaborating with the local community was absolutely essential – we actively sought out their desires and ideas throughout the whole process. We managed to breathe totally new life into a neglected spot, and doing that, seeing the transformation and how the community responded, gave me such a profound sense of accomplishment and pride.</p> <p>From these experiences, the biggest lesson I’ve learned is that architecture isn’t just about making a structure look pretty – it’s about the deeper impact. I’ve seen firsthand that great architecture serves an absolutely critical function in supporting people’s well-being, making them feel safe, and enhancing their security every single day.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Architect’s Responsibility: Ethics, Impact, and Vision</strong></h3> <p>As architects, we carry a significant responsibility. We have to think about the long-term effects our designs will have – on the environment, on the community living around the building, and on society more broadly. This means making thoughtful, ethical choices. We need to prioritize making spaces sustainable, ensuring they contribute to social fairness and genuinely support human well-being, even if that means pushing back against decisions that might seem easier or cheaper for the short term. And I cannot stress this enough: collaboration and getting the community involved are absolutely vital to creating buildings that truly work for and meet the needs of the people who will actually use them.</p> <p>In my own practice, I’m guided by some core principles: I strive to create buildings that aren’t just visually appealing and functional, but are also fundamentally sustainable, equitable, and resilient in the long run. I truly believe that architecture has the power to help shape a better future for all of us, and I’m committed to using my skills and everything I’ve learned to try and make that vision into a reality, one project at a time.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Looking Ahead: The Future of Architectural Design</strong></h3> <p>I’m genuinely excited about where architectural design is heading! I see huge potential in exciting trends like modular construction, which can make building faster, more affordable, and greener; adaptive reuse, which honors our history while creating useful modern spaces; and especially regenerative design, which isn’t just about minimizing harm, but about creating buildings that actually contribute positively to the health of the surrounding ecosystem.</p> <p>That said, I do have a few concerns as I look at the future of our profession. I sometimes worry that with all the focus on technology and just building efficiently and quickly, we might lose some of the emphasis on creativity, careful craftsmanship, and that vital human connection in design. Architects absolutely <em>must</em> learn and adapt to new technological processes, but we cannot ever forget that we are designing for <em>human beings</em>. By figuring out how to truly integrate technology, sustainability, <em>and</em> human-centered design approaches, we can create a built environment that not only fulfills basic needs but genuinely enhances and enriches people’s lives.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Conclusion: A Call to Action – Appreciating and Investing in Good Architecture</strong></h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Enduring Importance of Thoughtful Design</strong></h3> <p>As we’ve explored together, architecture is so much more than simply the act of putting structures up. It’s a truly crucial force that directly impacts our daily lives, shapes the strength and character of our communities, and plays a significant role in the well-being of our planet. From making us feel better and fostering connections between people, to being a driver of innovation and connecting us with our past through cultural heritage, purposeful and thoughtful design is absolutely essential for building a future that is more sustainable, fair, and resilient for everyone. By truly recognizing just how much the built world influences us, we can start to deeply appreciate exactly why architecture is important and crucial.</p> <p>It’s critically important that we all understand the impact that every single architectural design has, and how <em>we</em> can play a part in making sure those designs contribute to a better world. The way we choose to support and invest in architectural projects can directly lead to more innovation and different, better approaches being used. It’s worth taking a serious look at the potential for good design to genuinely improve society for us all.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>A Call to Action: Appreciating and Investing</strong></h3> <p>So, here’s my personal call to action for you: Take the time to notice, appreciate, and actively support good architectural design. I encourage you to speak up for better buildings right there in your own community, maybe get involved with local architectural discussions or projects, and consciously support architects who make sustainability and the well-being of the community a top priority. If you ever have a personal project where you’re building or renovating, seek out architects who share your values and are truly committed to creating spaces that will not only meet your needs functionally but genuinely enhance your life and the lives of everyone around you.</p> <p>As an architect myself, I see the incredible potential for creative, impactful design every single day. I honestly believe that by working together – clients, communities, and architects – we really can create a better world, quite literally, one building at a time. To help you start exploring and learning more, here are a couple of resources I recommend diving into:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>The American Institute of Architects (AIA)</li> <li>Architectural Digest </li></ul> <p>These, and many other resources out there focused on architecture and design, offer fantastic information to keep your curiosity going and deepen your understanding of this incredible field.</p>]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>The Rise of Co-Living Spaces: Building Community, Brick by Brick (and Beyond!)</title> <link>https://planning-research.com/the-rise-of-co-living-spaces-building-community-brick-by-brick-and-beyond/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jorge Matiz]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Fri, 25 Apr 2025 19:28:14 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Urban]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://planning-research.com/?p=18</guid> <description><![CDATA[The way we live, you know, how we work, who we connect with – it’s all changing so fast. And our homes? They need to keep up! Remember when a white picket fence was the ultimate goal? Now, people are craving something deeper: A place to belong, a way to...]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The way we live, you know, how we work, who we connect with – it’s all changing so fast. And our homes? They need to keep up! Remember when a white picket fence was the ultimate goal? Now, people are craving something deeper: A place to belong, a way to afford city life, and a life where connection trumps loneliness. That’s driving the whole co-living thing, turning shared living on its head and reshaping the housing scene.</p> <p>As an architect and design consultant knee-deep in co-living (it’s basically my jam), I’ve been on the front lines of this. From the first sketches to seeing a community thrive, successes, failures – the whole shebang! I’ve seen how design can spark real connections and tackle some gnarly problems like feeling isolated and not being able to find somewhere affordable to live. Let’s get into how architecture really impacts the heart of community living.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">What is Co-Living, Anyway? And Why the Hype?</h2> <p>So, co-living. What is it? It’s way more than just having roommates like in the sitcoms, it’s about thoughtfully designed housing that mixes private spaces with awesome shared stuff, all centered around community. Unlike crashing with random people who signed the lease because they had to, co-living is a conscious choice, driven by wanting to connect and share experiences for authentic relationships. It’s intentionality meets architecture.</p> <p>The co-living trend has just exploded lately. That’s because there is a shift in people’s priorities. There is, first off, the fact that decent housing in big cities is a nightmare to afford, especially if you’re a millennial or Gen Z. Co-living is an easier way to get your foot in the door. But also there is loneliness that co-living helps solve. Co-living comes with built-in friends, tackling feelings of being alone.</p> <p>If you ask me, co-living is all about that deep human need to belong. People want genuine connections and a sense of purpose, and co-living is designed for that. It’s about creating spaces where bumping into someone and striking up a convo just happens, where you feel supported and understood. Like the last project I did – we put in this huge communal dining area and a shared workshop. Those spots became magnets, people cooking and eating together, working on crazy projects. Those little spaces were people’s biggest thing.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">The Key Architectural Principles of Co-Living Design</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> Making it Happen: Intentional Common Areas</h3> <p>The heart of good co-living design is all about those deliberate shared spaces. We’re talking kitchens, living rooms, co-working spots, gyms – the places where people come together to do life together. The design of these spots has to be cozy, useful, and super welcoming. Natural light is huge, it’s proven that it lifts moods and makes you more productive. Comfy furniture that invites conversation is also key. So too is flexible space whether it be through furniture or work space, which allows for different preference from all users.</p> <p>I remember on the project from before, the kitchen was closed off and standard before. I changed it as an open and accessible kitchen for everyone to use. Residents all came together and started to cook and share. The whole change came from a simply redesign.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> Find Your Nook: Third Spaces</h3> <p>Beyond the big common spots, third spaces are critical in co-living. These are spots that aren’t totally private (like your bedroom) but aren’t totally public either (like the main living room). Think balconies, courtyards, rooftop decks, or just little spots to chill. These are your escapes when you need a break from the action, but you’re not quite ready to hide away in your room. Users can feel included while still feeling like they are on their own.</p> <p>I have learned that indoor/outdoor elements can foster better third spaces. Bifold doors can easily be added to open dining areas. this can make it feel less isolated, and easier to come together as a shared unit.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> Getting Around: Circulation and Connectivity</h3> <p>How people move through a co-living space – the flow – really affects how they interact. Hallways shouldn’t just be hallways; they should be chances to connect also through architectural details. Where you put stairwells and common areas can lead to spontaneous chats and run-ins. Rather than hiding the stairwell in the back, make it impossible to miss near the entrance. People will ditch the elevator if you give them a good reason, increasing the chances of a quick hello. Or try this: a little seating area near the mailboxes. Instant gathering spot!</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Privacy Please! Balancing Privacy and Community: A Delicate Dance</h2> <p>The biggest myth about co-living is that you trade your privacy for community. Nope! Good co-living respects the need for both. Building a co-living community is like leading your own life. You should enjoy your time but be open to creating an experience. You need both your own space, and feel supported by that collective. Think about some quiet time for all users.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> Shutting Out the Noise: Designing for Acoustic Privacy</h3> <p>Noise drives people nuts in shared living, co-living included. Designing for peace and quiet is not optional. Don’t just slap up some extra thick walls, consider sounds dampeners in the room. Where you put rooms matters, too. Don’t put bedrooms right next to the kitchen! Put hallways or bathrooms in between.</p> <p>Use sound-absorbing stuff like panels, carpets, and hefty curtains to cut down on noise big time. On one job site, prefabricated walls did exactly that. Keep soundproofing at the forefront for users to better enjoy.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> Make it Yours: Personalization and Customization</h3> <p>Here’s another key to making privacy and community work- let people customize. Let them make their space their own. This gives them a sense of control and makes them feel comfortable. Co-living spots often come furnished, but let people bring their own stuff, too. Turn it into their sanctuary.</p> <p>I’ve been a part of seeing modular furniture systems which were helpful for users needing flexibility for rooms and needs. People feel as though they are more part of the group by creating their own space.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">More Than Just Bricks: Community Programming: Activating Co-Living Spaces</h2> <p>The architecture is the bones of a community, but the programming is what makes it live. A great space is only as good as the people in it. Programming means setting up activities and events the help foster connection and belonging. It’s about more than just sharing a building. To forge new connections and relationships it is necessary to get people involved and happy.</p> <p>Good programming is diverse and meets different needs. Potlucks and movie nights? Workshops where people share skills? Volunteering? All good. The point is to help people connect over their passions for their overall wellness.</p> <p>Programming improves the user experience through a better experience that lasts for some time. By doing this the co-living space is more than a place to live and become a special place for it’s users.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="536" height="354" src="https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Coliving2.png" alt="" class="wp-image-19" srcset="https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Coliving2.png 536w, https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Coliving2-300x198.png 300w, https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Coliving2-350x230.png 350w" sizes="(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px" /></figure> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Co-Living Design in Practice: Case Studies & Examples</h2> <p>Let’s see this stuff in action! Here are some real co-living projects that nailed the design principles we’ve been talking about for overall quality.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Case Study 1: The Collective Old Oak, London, UK (Designed by PLP Architecture)</h3> <p>The Collective Old Oak is one of the biggest co-living setups period where you can have a lot of different types of rooms, common areas, and community activities. From kitchens to dining areas and rooftop terraces users can have what their heart desires. Programming is something the establishment is involved and that is shown to the patrons. Privacy is a key metric for patrons as well. All together it is very ambitious.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Case Study 2: Treehouse, Los Angeles, USA (Designed by Lehrer Architects)</h3> <p>Treehouse offers co-living while emphasizing community and social impact. The area is for gathering and creating a community around the property and is very sustainable to make sure they leave any environmental footsteps.</p> <p>Note: I think images of these would definitely sell a great story!</p> <p>Making it Work: Overcoming Challenges and Future Trends in Co-Living Design</p> <p>Like anything new, co-living isn’t perfect. But by being proactive, we can make these communities more inclusive and sustainable. Also, knowing where the co-living trend is headed helps us design for the future.</p> <p>A challenge that can occur is conflict between different residents, which can be inevitable at times. Making things more friendly or designing some features in a space such as soundproofing can help a ton with certain situations. Promoting a diverse amount of events and spaces help reduce friction.</p> <p>It is important for establishments to welcome a number of people with different backgrounds, ages, and abilities. Accessible bathrooms an elevators are something key to consider. Holding events that cater and are more personal with patrons is a great idea as well.</p> <p>I see sustainability something more developed in the designs down the road with renewable energy sources. Incorporating smart home techonology can make managing the home that much easier and gives you peace of mind through security systems. Combine that with innovative technology and create unique living experiences.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Conclusion</h2> <p>Co-living is a shift of mindset. Less loneliness and a move more into connection. Good architecture increases good co-living. These promote feelings of having purpose which extends to a more complete life. These are more than just apartments that make you happier.</p> <p>I invite you to check out great co-living ideas today. If you are wanting great expertise reach out about how to design well. By managing and knowing what should take place in a living design has the potential to benefit and build communities on a different scale.</p>]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>The Impact of Zoning Laws on Architectural Innovation</title> <link>https://planning-research.com/the-impact-of-zoning-laws-on-architectural-innovation/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jorge Matiz]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Mon, 21 Apr 2025 19:20:51 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Urban]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://planning-research.com/?p=14</guid> <description><![CDATA[I still remember pitching my ambitious design for a community center – a building designed to practically breathe with passive solar heating and a clever rainwater harvesting system. The planning board’s reaction? Let’s just say it wasn’t exactly a standing ovation. I was met with this wall of non-compliant issues:...]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I still remember pitching my ambitious design for a community center – a building designed to practically breathe with passive solar heating and a clever rainwater harvesting system. The planning board’s reaction? Let’s just say it wasn’t exactly a standing ovation. I was met with this wall of non-compliant issues: height restrictions, landscaping requirements… it felt like every element was under scrutiny. And that was my rude awakening to the often-challenging, yet fascinating, world of zoning regulations and their effect on architectural creativity.</p> <p>For many architects, zoning regulations are just a necessary evil – a rigid framework designed to maintain order, protect residents’ quality of life, and uphold neighborhood character. But what if we challenged that perspective? Even though they can feel like creativity killers, I’d argue that land use regulations, local ordinances and building codes can be a catalyst for inspiration. The limitations they impose can push those of us in architecture to think innovatively, to unearth ingenious solutions, and to design buildings that are not only beautiful and functional, but also deeply respectful of their environment. Let’s explore how architects, community planning, and sustainable design can align within these frameworks.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> Zoning Laws: The Unsung Architects of Our Cities</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. What are Zoning Laws?</h3> <p>Think of zoning laws as the quiet orchestrators of our urban environments – a set of guidelines established by your local municipalities and government that determine how land can be utilized and developed. They’re essentially the rulebook, shaping our environment long before the first shovel hits the dirt. You’ll usually find these specific regulations meticulously described in municipal codes. Their ultimate goal? To guide land use in a manner that benefits the entire community by ensuring public safety, promoting general welfare, and guiding future development. It’s vital for fostering people’s wellness and shaping our surroundings right from construction’s start.</p> <p>Zoning regulations are meant for the purpose of preventing urban chaos. Imagine factories cropping up next door to schools or massive condominiums blocking sunlight from cozy bungalows. Zoning brings balance, establishing predictability and structure of the communities we share. Zoning laws safeguard property values and neighborhood quality; it is essential to consider their design as a necessity.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. Common Types of Zoning Regulations</h3> <p>To understand zoning districts, visualize a land use map divided into designated categories. The specifics can vary significantly from city to city, and even neighborhood to neighborhood, but here are some common zoning classifications and how they affect the design process, in particular:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Residential: Primarily for housing; that being said, varying densities are often permitted. Expect strict guidelines governing minimum lot sizes, setback distances, and height restrictions – think minimum lot widths or limitations on units per acre. This will drastically shape the look and feel of residential neighborhoods.</li> <li>Commercial: Intended for business and all retail activity. Regulations often address signage, hours of operation, and permissible noise levels – even the size and location of a logo might be controlled. The main goal is to create a safe environment for commercial development.</li> <li>Industrial: Designated for manufacturing, warehousing, and other intense activities. Zoning in these areas focuses heavily on environmental protection and minimizing disruption to residential areas, including controls on pollution and truck traffic.</li> <li>Mixed-Use: Combining residential and commercial elements thoughtfully. These zones aim to foster vibrant, walkable communities. However, they come with zoning restrictions on parking, density, and architectural design.</li></ul> <p>Beyond these general categories, you’ll encounter specific restrictions like building height limitations, parking space requirements, and minimum setback distances from property lines. Knowing these rules early on is critical when evaluating development possibilities.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="567" height="412" src="https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/zoning-regulation.png" alt="Zoning regulation" class="wp-image-15" srcset="https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/zoning-regulation.png 567w, https://planning-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/zoning-regulation-300x218.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 567px) 100vw, 567px" /></figure> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> How Zoning Laws Can Stifle Architectural Innovation</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. The Limitations of Prescriptive Zoning</h3> <p>The biggest hurdle, in my experience, is prescriptive zoning. Often, these regulations are so painstakingly specific, so inflexible, that they unintentionally suppress architectural originality. They dictate not just what can be built, but often how, often restricting material choices and aesthetic elements. The final result? A bland urban landscape, lacking unique personality.</p> <p>For instance, a historic district zoning law might prescribe a specific roof pitch, siding material, and window style. While preserving a charming district is admirable, this can completely shut down opportunities for incorporating contemporary design elements or sustainable techniques. It’s about community enhancement efforts and what a zoning professional looks for in a design.</p> <p>I learned this firsthand when I had to sacrifice energy efficiency and design for the sake of an extended library. I envisioned a design that utilized glass, and yet I used brick because it was “acceptable” for building materials.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. Increased Costs and Project Delays</h3> <p>Zoning regulations can significantly increase a project’s timeline and expenses. Obtaining approvals can also feel like navigating the minotaur’s labyrinth. Should a design vary from the code, you may have to seek to obtain money for the work.</p> <p>A project was delayed a year for being above the limit. The delay caused the project to frustrate investors, and some studies show that zoning issues add percentages to the project’s cost.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> Case Studies: Architectural Triumphs Within Zoning Constraints</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. Example 1: The Willow Creek Co-Housing Project, Asheville, NC</h3> <p>The Willow Creek Co Housing project is a great case for me, located in Asheville, North Carolina. We envisioned sustainability in a living space and the initial restrictions seemed unachievable. The original plan was denied. They helped to minimize their effect in the building materials. It strengthens the community and overcomes restrictions, and helps the overall design.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. Example 2: The Ironworks District Adaptive Reuse, Beloit, WI</h3> <p>Revitalizing the ironworks in Beloit, Wisconsin tested my ingenuity. The wasteland had warehouses and factories. This industrially-zoned area consisted of public areas, apartments, and office spaces.</p> <p>We discussed the concerns with members of the community, along with officials. After leveraging density bonus programs, green roofs, and solar panels, we ultimately gained building density.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> c. Analysis of Successful Strategies</h3> <p>There are two themes present that show the zoning guidelines, people communicating with the community, and architects embracing creativity. Zoning regulation doesn’t have to feel like roadblocks.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> Zoning Laws as a Catalyst for Creative Solutions</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. Embracing Constraints as Opportunities</h3> <p>Restrictions will give room to sharpen design. I needed to design a building from the ground up, I had to start with a building that was not there, and had height limitations.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. Thinking Outside the Box: Innovative Design Approaches</h3> <p>To improve zoning you need to think outside of the box.</p> <p> Modular Construction</p> <p> Green Roofs</p> <p> Adaptable Space</p> <p> Smart Technology</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> Proactive Engagement: Influencing Zoning for Innovation</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. Understanding the Local Zoning Landscape</h3> <p>Explore the online zoning and municipal codes. Contact to clarify the ambiguous information.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. Building Relationships with Zoning Boards</h3> <p>Transparency and decision-making go a long way, so show innovation. Address questions that they ask to find a common ground.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> c. Advocating for Zoning Reform</h3> <p>Engage in meetings so people will feel understood, listen to them, and show supportive development and sustainable solutions.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> The Future of Zoning and Architecture</h2> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> a. Emerging Trends in Zoning</h3> <p>You need to prioritize sustainability, community vibrancy, and flexibility for urban areas.</p> <p> Form-based Codes</p> <p> Mixed-use Zoning</p> <p> Transit-Oriented Development</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> b. The Role of Technology</h3> <p>BIM is a powerful tool for technology. You are to meet the building regulations with AI and it will save time.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"> c. The Importance of Adaptability</h3> <p>You need innovative ideas with technology, because these are collaborative ideas.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"> Conclusion</h2> <p>Zoning regulations can be a point of make-or-break. Take the insights to build a strong addition to the community.</p> <p>With a healthy dose of community and ideas, we all demonstrate positive and great transformations for what makes great designs.</p>]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Cars, Parking and Planetizen: A Mess of Externalities</title> <link>https://planning-research.com/cars-parking-and-planetizen-a-mess-of-externalities/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Randall Crane]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Thu, 05 Aug 2010 18:41:06 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Urban]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://planning-research.com/?p=7</guid> <description><![CDATA[Planetizen has two early July 2010 essays and two comments on road and parking externalities and subsidies that are as good examples as any of (a) how fundamental the concepts of externality and subsidies are to evaluating public policy and (b) how hard they are to explain, or even understand....]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Planetizen has two early July 2010 essays and two comments on road and parking externalities and subsidies that are as good examples as any of (a) how fundamental the concepts of externality and subsidies are to evaluating public policy and (b) how hard they are to explain, or even understand.</p><p>Planetizen blogger and Law Professor Michael Lewyn goes first by arguing that a minimum parking requirement is a harmful externality, which at the end of the day worsens congestion, pollution and public health. That he mistakes a distortionary rule for an externality is confusing (there is probably a social cost to the rule but it is not an externality in his example), yet he makes the useful point that even well-meaning regulations can be bad. His more serious fault is clarifying neither how nor when. Is any parking regulation a net social burden or only 1.75 spaces per Jacksonville, Florida apartment? One can be excused for hoping that some regulations, even of parking, are beneficial on net, but his essay won’t help you figure out which, or by how much.</p><p>A few days later, Planetizen blogger and Reason Foundation Director Sam Staley argued that road taxes (and by extension public regulations) are not external costs because they are not, by the rules of democracy, involuntary. In a comment, Todd Litman disagrees, in a way, saying a distortion is a distortion, even if the possibly ignorant majority approves. (He could but does not clarify that one can have distortions that are not externalities.) Roads are not fully financed by user fees, and thus user decisions are distorted in favor of cars. In the next comment, Charles Siegel agrees, further claiming that neither roads nor parking are public goods and thus should not be funded through indirect taxes or regulations as, again, doing so amounts to distortive subsidies.</p><p>Part of the confusion here is because this discussion seamlessly conflates two categories of policy problems: One determining the right amount of a public good, such as of legal rules, and the other how to efficiently pay the bill (where the second is considerably complicated by the first). Litman and Siegel don’t see a distinction as, here anyway, they define roads and parking spaces as purely private, no different than a good meal. Each user uses it all and should pay accordingly. Any deviation from this is both unjustified and has social efficiency consequences (which Lewyn misidentifies as a series of externalities). Staley exaggerates the difference, almost implying they are pure public goods that can only be financed by indirect means subject to majority rule.</p><p>Public regulations have many of the technical properties of public goods, and I very much doubt — though I might well be wrong — that Lewyn, Litman or Siegel feel that either roads or parking should be either fully private or completely unregulated. How much then? I don’t know but either do they or Staley (as that would require the measurement of individual shared benefits at any price point, and then their aggregation, neither of which are observable). How, then, to pay? Like every dime-store economist, Staley included, I agree users should fully pay when the private benefits of use are easy to measure (unless the goods or rules have equity goals). In many cases, that applies to roads and parking. But roads and parking also have public regulatory and investment components, and like it or not the implications for how much and how to pay then get messy.</p><p>Put another way, although it advertises otherwise, this Planetizen debate of how to pay for roads or parking has almost nothing to do with externalities as defined by wikipedia (or Pigou)**. It is almost all about when subsidies are justified or, more to the point, when car use should be discouraged.</p><p>Some of these participants feel roads and parking are unduly subsidized, which is to say subsidized at all. Litman has literally written an encyclopedia trying to nail this down, to society’s great external benefit, but he has yet to convince the majority to fund the system entirely via user fees, if that is indeed what he recommends. Staley seems more satisfied with the status quo — but in guessing that, I digress. All I should conclude is that we ultimately have no clear means to determine which side is more right outside the great imperfections of the political process.</p><p>p.s. After I wrote this post but before I got around to publishing it, because I more or less had stopped using this blog to think out loud, there were a dozen or more extensive comments on the Staley entry. Some concerned definitional issues and many staked out normative turf. It’s an interesting example of the ways in which reasonable people disagree on normative grounds about what are essentially positive questions.</p><p>*Since when are parking or road use unobservable? I’m only referring to the public goods part of each here, which include option values, congestion burdens, and the like. Read Shoup (2005), The High Cost of Free Parking, APA. And if he left it out or you just want another example of very clear thinking with many fewer words, but which just same concludes that public goods are harder to provide and fund than one would hope, and you haven’t yet, read Samuelson (1954), “The Theory of Pure Public Goods,” The Review of Economics and Statistics.</p><p>Of course, traffic-related congestion and pollution are classic externalities, which I’m ignoring for space. If you think even just the first part of that isn’t tricky to price, see Diamond (1973), “Consumption Externalities and Imperfect Corrective Pricing,” Bell Journal of Economics.</p><p>If you’re done reading those, a much longer take on all this is Crane (2006), “<a href="https://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/teaching-fiscal-dimensions-of-planning/materials/crane-concepts.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Public finance concepts for planners</a>.” I’m revising this for a book on infrastructure planning, and will update this then.</p>]]></content:encoded> </item> </channel></rss> If you would like to create a banner that links to this page (i.e. this validation result), do the following:
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