<!doctype html><html lang="en"> <head> <title>PostgreSQL: The world's most advanced open source database</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="The official site for PostgreSQL, the world's most advanced open source database" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#336791"/> <meta name="copyright" content="The PostgreSQL Global Development Group" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.postgresql.org/" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="article:author" content="PostgreSQL Global Development Group" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2025-06-30T20:46:35.104121" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.postgresql.org/media/img/about/press/elephant.png" /> <meta property="og:title" content="PostgreSQL" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The world's most advanced open source database." /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="PostgreSQL" /> <link href="/media/css/fontawesome.css?0c8f2d7b" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/media/css/bootstrap-4.4.1.min.css"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/dyncss/base.css?0c8f2d7b"> <script src="/media/js/theme.js?0c8f2d7b"></script> </head> <body> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row justify-content-md-center"> <div class="col"> <!-- Header --> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand p-0" href="/"> <img class="logo" src="/media/img/about/press/elephant.png" alt="PostgreSQL Elephant Logo"> </a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#pgNavbar" aria-controls="pgNavbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="pgNavbar"> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto"> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/" title="Home">Home</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/about/" title="About">About</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/download/" title="Download">Download</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/docs/" title="Documentation">Documentation</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/community/" title="Community">Community</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/developer/" title="Developers">Developers</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/support/" title="Support">Support</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/about/donate/" title="Donate">Donate</a></li> <li class="nav-item p-2"><a href="/account/" title="Your account">Your account</a></li> </ul> <form role="search" method="get" action="/search/"> <div class="input-group"> <input id="q" name="q" type="text" size="20" maxlength="255" accesskey="s" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for..."> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </span> </div><!-- /input-group --> </form> <form id="form-theme" class="form-inline d-none"> <button id="btn-theme" class="btn btn-default ml-1" type="button"></button> </form> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="row justify-content-center pg-shout-box"> <div class="col text-white text-center">May 8, 2025: <a href="/about/news/postgresql-175-169-1513-1418-and-1321-released-3072/"> PostgreSQL 17.5, 16.9, 15.13, 14.18, and 13.21 Released!</a> | <a href="/about/news/postgresql-18-beta-1-released-3070/"> PostgreSQL 18 Beta 1 Released!</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid pg-jumbotron"> <div class="container"> <h1 class="text-white pg-jumbotron-header">PostgreSQL: The World's Most Advanced Open Source Relational Database</h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col text-center"> <a class="btn btn-light btn-rounded" role="button" href="/download/">Download <i class="fa fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="btn btn-light btn-rounded" role="button" href="/about/">New to PostgreSQL?</a> </div> </div> </div></div><!-- END Jumbotron --><div class="container margin"> <!-- Start First Feature Row --> <div class="row"> <!-- Feature --> <div class="col-lg-6 feature"> <img src="/media/img/about/press/elephant.png" alt="PostgreSQL Elephant Logo"> <h2>New to PostgreSQL?</h2> <div class="text"> <p> PostgreSQL is a powerful, open source object-relational database system with over 35 years of active development that has earned it a strong reputation for reliability, feature robustness, and performance. </p> <p> There is a wealth of information to be found describing how to <a href="/download/">install</a> and <a href="/docs/">use</a> PostgreSQL through the <a href="/docs/">official documentation</a>. The <a href="/community/">open source community</a> provides many helpful places to become familiar with PostgreSQL, discover how it works, and find career opportunities. Learn more on how to <a href="/community/">engage with the community</a>. </p> </div> <a href="/about/" title="Learn More"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Learn More</button></a> <a href="/about/featurematrix/" title="Feature Matrix"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Feature Matrix</button></a> <a href="/about/governance/" title="Governance"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Governance</button></a> </div> <!-- END Feature --> <!-- Feature --> <div class="col-lg-6 feature"> <i class="fas fa-download"></i> <h2>Latest Releases</h2> <div class="text"> <p> <strong> 2025-05-08 - <a href="/about/news/postgresql-175-169-1513-1418-and-1321-released-3072/"> PostgreSQL 17.5, 16.9, 15.13, 14.18, and 13.21 Released! </a> </strong> </p> <p> The PostgreSQL Global Development Group has <a href="/download/">released an update</a> to all supported versions of PostgreSQL, including 17.5, 16.9, 15.13, 14.18, and 13.21. </p> <p> For the more information about this release, please review the <a href="/docs/release/">release notes</a>. You can download PostgreSQL from the <a href="/download/">download</a> page. </p> <p> <strong> 2025-05-08 - <a href="/about/news/postgresql-18-beta-1-released-3070/"> PostgreSQL 18 Beta 1 Released! </a> </strong> </p> <p> The PostgreSQL Global Development Group announces that the first beta release of PostgreSQL 18 is now <a href="/download/">available for download</a>. This release contains previews of all features when PostgreSQL 18 is made generally available, though some details of the release can change during the beta period. </p> <p> You can find information about all of the PostgreSQL 18 features and changes in the <a href="/docs/18/release-18.html">release notes</a>. </p> <p> For the more information about this release, please review the <a href="/docs/release/">release notes</a>. You can download PostgreSQL from the <a href="/download/">download</a> page. </p> <ul> <li class=""><strong>17.5</strong> · 2025-05-08 · <a href="/docs/17/release-17-5.html">Notes</a></li> <li class="pg-bg-gray"><strong>16.9</strong> · 2025-05-08 · <a href="/docs/16/release-16-9.html">Notes</a></li> <li class=""><strong>15.13</strong> · 2025-05-08 · <a href="/docs/15/release-15-13.html">Notes</a></li> <li class="pg-bg-gray"><strong>14.18</strong> · 2025-05-08 · <a href="/docs/14/release-14-18.html">Notes</a></li> <li class=""><strong>13.21</strong> · 2025-05-08 · <a href="/docs/13/release-13-21.html">Notes</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/download/" title="Download"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary">Download</button></a> <a href="/support/versioning/" title="Why Upgrade?"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-outline-secondary btn-inline-block">Why Upgrade?</button></a> <a href="/support/security/" title="Security"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-outline-secondary btn-inline-block">Security</button></a> </div> <!-- END Feature --> </div> <!-- END First Feature Row --> <!-- Start Second Feature Row --> <div class="row"> <!-- Feature --> <div class="col-lg-6 feature"> <i class="fas fa-calendar-alt"></i> <h2>Upcoming Events</h2> <div class="text"> <ul> <li class=" "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-08-01 · <a href="/about/event/pgday-mexico-2025-2544/">pgDay México 2025</a> </li> <li class="pg-bg-gray non-badged"> 2025-07-31 – 2025-08-03 · <a href="/about/event/fossy-2025-2546/">FOSSY 2025</a> </li> <li class=" "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-08-21 – 2025-08-22 · <a href="/about/event/hyderabad-postgres-days-2025-announcement-and-cfpcfs-2549/">Hyderabad Postgres Days 2025: Announcement and CFP/CFS</a> </li> <li class="pg-bg-gray "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-09-04 · <a href="/about/event/pgday-austria-2025-2540/">PGDay Austria 2025</a> </li> <li class=" "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-09-03 – 2025-09-05 · <a href="/about/event/pgconfbrazil-2025-2535/">PGConf.Brazil 2025</a> </li> <li class="pg-bg-gray "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-09-09 · <a href="/about/event/pgday-uk-2025-2545/">PGDay UK 2025</a> </li> <li class=" "> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> 2025-09-12 · <a href="/about/event/pgday-lowlands-2025-2553/">pgDay Lowlands 2025</a> </li> </ul> <p> <img src="/media/img/PostgreSQL_Badge1.svg" class="community" alt="PostgreSQL Community Event"> indicates that an event is recognised under the <a href="/about/policies/conferences/">community event guidelines</a> and is directly helping the PostgreSQL community. </p> </div> <a href="/about/events/" title="Check Schedule"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Check Schedule</button></a> <a href="/account/events/new/" title="Add Your Event"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Add Your Event</button></a> </div> <!-- END Feature --> <!-- Feature --> <div class="col-lg-6 feature"> <i class="fas fa-envelope"></i> <h2>Mailing Lists</h2> <div class="text"> <p> The PostgreSQL <a href="https://lists.postgresql.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mailing lists</a> enable you to interact with active community participants on subjects related to the development of PostgreSQL, discovering how to use PostgreSQL, or learning about upcoming events and product releases. </p> <p> In order to manage your mailing list subscription, you need a <a href="/account/">PostgreSQL community account</a>. <a href="/account/">Signing up</a> is easy and gives you direct access to the <a href="/community/">global PostgreSQL community</a>. </p> </div> <a href="https://lists.postgresql.org" title="Subscribe"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary btn-inline-block">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="https://www.postgresql.org/list/" title="View Archives"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-outline-secondary btn-inline-block">View Archives</button></a> </div> <!-- END Feature --> </div> <!-- END Second Feature Row --></div><!-- CTA --><div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6 cta cta-3"></div> <div class="col-lg-6 cta-text"> <h2>Learning Opportunities Ahead</h2> <p class="text-left"> Want to learn more about PostgreSQL and help build the community? Come to one of the many events, local user groups, & training sessions where you can meet experienced PostgreSQL users and enhance your database skills. </p> <a href="/about/events/" title="Browse Events"><button type="button" class="btn btn-light btn-rounded">Browse Events</button></a> <a href="/community/user-groups/" title="Browse User Groups"><button type="button" class="btn btn-light btn-rounded">Browse User Groups</button></a> </div> </div></div><!-- END CTA --><!-- News --><div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-7"> <h2 class="centered-lines">Latest News</h2> <!-- Featured Post --> <header> <h3> <a href="/about/news/postgresql-18-beta-1-released-3070/"> PostgreSQL 18 Beta 1 Released! </a> </h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-05-08</li> <!--<li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> 0</li>--> </ul> </header> <p> The PostgreSQL Global Development Group announces that the first beta release of PostgreSQL 18 is now <a href="/download/">available for download</a>. This release contains previews of all features when PostgreSQL 18 is made generally available, though some details of the release can change during the beta period. </p> <p> You can find information about all of the PostgreSQL 18 features and changes in the <a href="/docs/18/release-18.html">release notes</a>. </p> <p> In the spirit of the open source PostgreSQL community, we strongly encourage you to test the new features of PostgreSQL 18 on your systems to help us eliminate bugs and other issues. While we do not advise you to run PostgreSQL 18 Beta 1 in production environments, we encourage you to find ways to run your typical application workloads against this beta release. </p> <p> Your testing and feedback helps the community ensure that PostgreSQL 18 upholds our standards of delivering a stable, reliable release of the world's most advanced open source relational database. Please read more about our <a href="/developer/beta/">beta testing process</a> and how you can contribute. </p> <ul class="bold"> <li><a href="/about/news/postgresql-18-beta-1-released-3070/">Release Announcement</a></li> <li><a href="/docs/release/">Release Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/support/versioning/">Versioning Policy</a> <li><a href="/download/">Download</a></li> </ul> <a href="/about/newsarchive/" title="Archives"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-center btn-inline-block">Browse Archives</button></a> <a href="/account/news/new/" title="Submit News"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-center btn-inline-block">Submit News</button></a> </div> <div class="col-lg-5"> <div class="sidebar"> <!-- Archives --> <ul class="divided"> <li> <h3><a href="/about/news/pgadmin-4-v95-released-3095/">pgAdmin 4 v9.5 Released</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30 by pgAdmin Development Team</li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3><a href="/about/news/hypopg-142-is-out-3094/">HypoPG 1.4.2 is out!</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30 by Julien Rouhaud</li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3><a href="/about/news/pgday-lowlands-2025-schedule-published-registration-open-come-find-us-at-the-zoo-3093/">pgDay Lowlands 2025 - Schedule published, registration open; come find us at the zoo</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-25 by PgDay Lowlands</li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3><a href="/about/news/pgscv-0141-released-3091/">pgSCV 0.14.1 released!</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-23 by pgSCV</li> </ul> </li> <li> <h3><a href="/about/news/pgday-uk-2025-registration-now-open-3092/">PGDay UK 2025: Registration now open!</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-23 by PostgreSQL Europe</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <!-- END Archives --> </div> </div> </div></div><!-- Blog --> <div class="container margin"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <h2 class="centered-lines"><span>PLANET POSTGRESQL</span></h2> <div class="feature"><i class="fas fa-globe"></i></div> </div> </div> <!-- First Row Planet PostgreSQL --> <div class="row"> <!-- First Column First Row Planet PostgreSQL --> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79h"> The PG_TDE Extension Is Now Ready for Production</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Jan Wieremjewicz</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79i"> Samed YILDIRIM</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Andreas 'ads' Scherbaum</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79g"> PgPedia Week, 2025-06-29</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Ian Barwick</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79f"> How often is the query plan optimal?</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Tomas Vondra</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-30</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79e"> Performance Test for Percona Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Andreas Scherbaum</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-29</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79d"> PgPedia Week, 2025-06-22</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Ian Barwick</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-28</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/79b"> Choosing the Right Barman Backup Type and Mode for Your PostgreSQL Highly Available Clu</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> semab tariq</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-27</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/798"> Entity Relationship Maps</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Dave Stokes</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-25</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="text-center"> <h3><a href="https://postgr.es/p/797"> CNPG Recipe 20 – Finer Control of Postgres Clusters with Readiness Probes</a></h3> <ul class="meta"> <li><i class="far fa-comments"></i> Gabriele Bartolini</li> <li><i class="far fa-clock"></i> 2025-06-25</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END First Row Planet PostgreSQL --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <a href="https://planet.postgresql.org" title="Browse Archives" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><button type="button" class="btn btn-center btn-primary">Browse Archives</button></a> </div> </div> </div> <!-- SUBMIT A BUG --> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6 cta-text"> <h2>Seeing unexpected behavior?</h2> <p> The PostgreSQL community takes pride in releasing software that reliably stores your data. 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