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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" > <channel> <title>czgptln.info</title> <atom:link href="http://czgptln.info/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /> <link>https://czgptln.info</link> <description></description> <lastBuildDate>Sun, 17 Aug 2025 12:11:10 +0000</lastBuildDate> <language>en</language> <sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod> <sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency> <generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=3.1.3</generator> <item> <title>How Resorts Are Revolutionizing Sustainable Travel</title> <link>https://czgptln.info/how-resorts-are-revolutionizing-sustainable-travel/</link> <comments>https://czgptln.info/how-resorts-are-revolutionizing-sustainable-travel/#comments</comments> <pubDate>Sun, 17 Aug 2025 12:11:10 +0000</pubDate> <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <category><![CDATA[carbon neutral resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[eco lodges]]></category> <category><![CDATA[eco resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[eco-friendly travel]]></category> <category><![CDATA[environmental travel]]></category> <category><![CDATA[green accommodation]]></category> <category><![CDATA[green hotels]]></category> <category><![CDATA[responsible tourism]]></category> <category><![CDATA[sustainable resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[sustainable tourism]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://czgptln.info/?p=82</guid> <description><![CDATA[As the world becomes more environmentally conscious, the travel industry is undergoing a transformation. Resorts around the globe are leading the charge in sustainability, integrating eco-friendly practices into every aspect of their operations. This shift is not only beneficial for … <a href="https://czgptln.info/how-resorts-are-revolutionizing-sustainable-travel/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As the world becomes more environmentally conscious, the travel industry is undergoing a transformation. Resorts around the globe are leading the charge in sustainability, integrating eco-friendly practices into every aspect of their operations. This shift is not only beneficial for the planet but also appealing to the modern, conscious traveler.</p><h2>1. Eco-Architecture and Design</h2><p>From using recycled materials to incorporating local building techniques, resorts are reducing their environmental footprint. Green roofs, solar panels, and natural ventilation systems are increasingly common.</p><h2>2. Energy Efficiency</h2><p>Resorts are adopting solar and wind power, using energy-efficient appliances, and implementing smart energy management systems to reduce waste.</p><h2>3. Water Conservation</h2><p>Low-flow toilets, rainwater harvesting, and wastewater recycling are now staples in sustainable resort design. Educating guests on responsible water use is also key.</p><h2>4. Waste Reduction</h2><p>Plastic-free initiatives, composting, and in-house recycling programs are becoming standard. Many resorts now offer reusable water bottles and eliminate single-use plastics.</p><h2>5. Supporting Local Communities</h2><p>Eco-resorts often collaborate with nearby communities, promoting local employment and sourcing food and goods locally to reduce carbon emissions.</p><h2>6. Biodiversity and Conservation Efforts</h2><p>Some resorts actively protect endangered species and restore habitats through reforestation and marine conservation programs.</p><h2>7. Farm-to-Table Dining</h2><p>Organic, locally grown food is central to the sustainability mission. On-site farms and gardens allow for seasonal menus and reduced transportation costs.</p><h2>8. Education and Guest Involvement</h2><p>Many eco-resorts offer workshops, tours, and programs that educate guests about local ecosystems and sustainable practices.</p><h2>9. Certifications and Standards</h2><p>Look for certifications like LEED, Green Globe, or EarthCheck. These indicate a verified commitment to sustainability practices.</p><h2>10. The Future of Sustainable Tourism</h2><p>The trend toward sustainability in the hospitality industry is more than a passing fad. As awareness grows, guests increasingly prefer properties that prioritize the planet without sacrificing luxury or comfort.</p><p>Resorts embracing sustainability are shaping the future of travel where unforgettable experiences meet environmental responsibility.</p><p></body><br /></html></p><div class="mads-block"></div>]]></content:encoded> <wfw:commentRss>https://czgptln.info/how-resorts-are-revolutionizing-sustainable-travel/feed/</wfw:commentRss> <slash:comments>0</slash:comments> </item> <item> <title>Top 10 Luxury Resorts Around the World in 2025</title> <link>https://czgptln.info/top-10-luxury-resorts-around-the-world-in-2025/</link> <comments>https://czgptln.info/top-10-luxury-resorts-around-the-world-in-2025/#comments</comments> <pubDate>Sun, 17 Aug 2025 12:10:15 +0000</pubDate> <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <category><![CDATA[best hotels]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Bora Bora]]></category> <category><![CDATA[five-star resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[island resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[luxury resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[luxury travel]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Maldives]]></category> <category><![CDATA[overwater villas]]></category> <category><![CDATA[resort amenities]]></category> <category><![CDATA[travel 2025]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://czgptln.info/?p=83</guid> <description><![CDATA[Luxury resorts have evolved to offer immersive experiences in the most beautiful corners of the planet. From private overwater bungalows to cliffside sanctuaries, these resorts provide exceptional service, privacy, and unforgettable memories. Here’s our list of the top 10 luxury … <a href="https://czgptln.info/top-10-luxury-resorts-around-the-world-in-2025/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Luxury resorts have evolved to offer immersive experiences in the most beautiful corners of the planet. From private overwater bungalows to cliffside sanctuaries, these resorts provide exceptional service, privacy, and unforgettable memories. Here’s our list of the top 10 luxury resorts to visit in 2025.</p><h2>1. Soneva Fushi – Maldives</h2><p>This eco-luxury resort offers barefoot elegance, private villas, and an unmatched focus on sustainability and wellness in a paradisiacal setting.</p><h2>2. Four Seasons Bora Bora – French Polynesia</h2><p>Iconic overwater bungalows, turquoise lagoons, and luxury spa treatments make this a top romantic escape.</p><h2>3. Aman Tokyo – Japan</h2><p>For urban sophistication, Aman Tokyo blends minimalist design with traditional Japanese hospitality, offering panoramic city views.</p><h2>4. The Brando – Tetiaroa, French Polynesia</h2><p>Once Marlon Brando’s private island, this carbon-neutral resort redefines eco-luxury with pristine nature and indulgent service.</p><h2>5. Six Senses Zighy Bay – Oman</h2><p>Secluded between mountains and the sea, guests can even paraglide into this dramatic resort for a unique arrival experience.</p><h2>6. Jade Mountain – St. Lucia</h2><p>This architectural wonder offers open-concept suites with private infinity pools overlooking the Pitons.</p><h2>7. Velaa Private Island – Maldives</h2><p>Ultra-luxurious and intimate, Velaa offers a private submarine, golf course, and world-class dining options.</p><h2>8. Rosewood Mayakoba – Mexico</h2><p>A fusion of modern luxury and ancient culture, this Riviera Maya resort offers lagoon suites and award-winning spa services.</p><h2>9. COMO Shambhala Estate – Bali</h2><p>Famed for its wellness programs, yoga retreats, and healthy cuisine, this resort is a sanctuary for body and mind.</p><h2>10. Badrutt’s Palace – St. Moritz, Switzerland</h2><p>A historic alpine resort with a legacy of glamour and winter sports, perfect for ski season travelers.</p><p>Whether you seek romance, adventure, or pure relaxation, these luxury resorts redefine the meaning of world-class travel in 2025.</p><p></body><br /></html></p>]]></content:encoded> <wfw:commentRss>https://czgptln.info/top-10-luxury-resorts-around-the-world-in-2025/feed/</wfw:commentRss> <slash:comments>0</slash:comments> </item> <item> <title>The Ultimate Guide to Choosing the Perfect Hotel or Resort</title> <link>https://czgptln.info/the-ultimate-guide-to-choosing-the-perfect-hotel-or-resort/</link> <comments>https://czgptln.info/the-ultimate-guide-to-choosing-the-perfect-hotel-or-resort/#comments</comments> <pubDate>Sun, 17 Aug 2025 12:09:26 +0000</pubDate> <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <category><![CDATA[beach resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[family travel]]></category> <category><![CDATA[hotel booking]]></category> <category><![CDATA[hotels]]></category> <category><![CDATA[luxury accommodation]]></category> <category><![CDATA[resort features]]></category> <category><![CDATA[resorts]]></category> <category><![CDATA[romantic getaways]]></category> <category><![CDATA[travel tips]]></category> <category><![CDATA[vacation planning]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://czgptln.info/?p=84</guid> <description><![CDATA[Choosing the right hotel or resort can significantly impact your travel experience. Whether you’re heading on a romantic getaway, a family vacation, or a business trip, the right accommodation can make or break your journey. In this guide, we’ll walk … <a href="https://czgptln.info/the-ultimate-guide-to-choosing-the-perfect-hotel-or-resort/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Choosing the right hotel or resort can significantly impact your travel experience. Whether you’re heading on a romantic getaway, a family vacation, or a business trip, the right accommodation can make or break your journey. In this guide, we’ll walk you through key factors to consider when selecting the ideal hotel or resort.</p><h2>1. Understand Your Travel Goals</h2><p>Are you looking to relax by the beach, explore a bustling city, or enjoy a cultural retreat? Your destination and purpose will guide the type of accommodation best suited for your needs. Resorts typically offer all-inclusive experiences ideal for relaxation, while hotels are great for short stays in cities.</p><h2>2. Budget and Value for Money</h2><p>It’s important to set a realistic budget. Luxury resorts may offer incredible amenities, but many mid-range hotels provide excellent value, especially if you plan to spend most of your time exploring the area.</p><h2>3. Location, Location, Location</h2><p>Location is everything. Choose a hotel close to the sights you plan to visit. A resort in a remote area may offer tranquility, but a centrally located hotel can save time and transportation costs.</p><h2>4. Read Guest Reviews</h2><p>Before booking, read reviews on platforms like TripAdvisor, Google, or Booking.com. Look for consistent feedback on cleanliness, service quality, and amenities.</p><h2>5. Prioritize the Right Amenities</h2><p>Decide which amenities matter most. Free Wi-Fi, breakfast, airport shuttles, or spa services can enhance your stay. Resorts may include entertainment, dining, and sports activities on-site.</p><h2>6. Consider Guest Type and Season</h2><p>If you’re traveling with kids, a family-friendly resort with activities may be ideal. For couples, adults-only resorts provide a quieter atmosphere. Consider off-season travel for better rates and fewer crowds.</p><h2>7. Booking Direct vs. Third-Party Sites</h2><p>Booking directly with a hotel may offer perks like free upgrades, while third-party sites often have competitive pricing. Check cancellation policies and payment flexibility.</p><h2>8. Loyalty Programs</h2><p>Frequent travelers should look into loyalty programs offered by major hotel chains. Accumulated points can result in free stays or upgrades.</p><h2>9. Safety and Cleanliness Standards</h2><p>Especially post-pandemic, safety and hygiene standards have become critical. Check the property’s safety certifications and cleaning protocols.</p><h2>10. Final Thoughts</h2><p>The perfect hotel or resort fits your travel style, budget, and expectations. Taking time to research your options will ensure a more enjoyable and stress-free trip.</p><p></body><br /></html></p>]]></content:encoded> <wfw:commentRss>https://czgptln.info/the-ultimate-guide-to-choosing-the-perfect-hotel-or-resort/feed/</wfw:commentRss> <slash:comments>0</slash:comments> </item> <item> <title>5 Ways to Improve Your Lawson Software or Any ERP System Performance</title> <link>https://czgptln.info/5-ways-to-improve-your-lawson-software-or-any-erp-system-performance/</link> <comments>https://czgptln.info/5-ways-to-improve-your-lawson-software-or-any-erp-system-performance/#comments</comments> <pubDate>Fri, 05 May 2023 13:20:54 +0000</pubDate> <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <category><![CDATA[body systems]]></category> <category><![CDATA[chop suey system of down]]></category> <category><![CDATA[lonely day system of down]]></category> <category><![CDATA[operating systems]]></category> <category><![CDATA[organ system]]></category> <category><![CDATA[organ systems]]></category> <category><![CDATA[solar system]]></category> <category><![CDATA[system]]></category> <category><![CDATA[system of down]]></category> <category><![CDATA[system of down byob]]></category> <category><![CDATA[systems]]></category> <category><![CDATA[systems not goals]]></category> <category><![CDATA[systems thinking]]></category> <category><![CDATA[systems vs goals]]></category> <category><![CDATA[toxicity system of down]]></category> <category><![CDATA[writing systems]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://czgptln.info/?p=68</guid> <description><![CDATA[Upon getting information about an upcoming school science fair and the need to consider a topic of interest, many students will typically have no idea where to get started. While the science fair is typically a common occurrence in any … <a href="https://czgptln.info/5-ways-to-improve-your-lawson-software-or-any-erp-system-performance/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Upon getting information about an upcoming school science fair and the need to consider a topic of interest, many students will typically have no idea where to get started. While the science fair is typically a common occurrence in any school at any grade level, there are different types of topics that should be taken a look at depending on the age of the student. After first taking a look at the many different categories of science projects, you will be able to locate a suitable choice of topic to take to the next level.There is a wide variety of categories that fall under the types of science projects that can be chosen for a school science fair. These include biology, chemistry, physics, microbiology, biochemistry, medicine, environmental, mathematics, engineering, and earth science. While you may not have yet learned very much in any of these categories, don’t be afraid to see what each one entails. Taking a good look at your interests will allow you to focus on the right direction to take.Many resources are also available for those who are unsure as to the topic they are wanting to use to create their science projects. If you take a look at the topics that fall under the biology category, you will likely notice that there are topics that deal with plants, animals, and humans. For those who are in 2nd grade or 3rd grade, an interesting topic may be to determine if ants are picky over what type of food they eat. While this topic might not be of interest to an 8th grader, it is certainly something in the biology category that an elementary school student would enjoy.Along with the biology category, a high school student may want to take a look at diffusion and osmosis in animal cells as this would be a more appropriate topic for the grade level. A student in 6th grade would be more advanced than an elementary school student, but not as advanced as a high school student. At this middle school grade level, a topic of how pH levels effect the lifespan of a tadpole may be of interest.Whichever resource is used to locate a topic for science projects, it is always a good idea to consider the grade level of the student prior to making a selection. It is always assumed to be best to have a project at an appropriate level in order to keep the attention of the student and provide a fun and enjoyable learning experience. </p>]]></content:encoded> <wfw:commentRss>https://czgptln.info/5-ways-to-improve-your-lawson-software-or-any-erp-system-performance/feed/</wfw:commentRss> <slash:comments>0</slash:comments> </item> <item> <title>Managing Periodical Literature in Higher Education Libraries in Sierra Leone</title> <link>https://czgptln.info/managing-periodical-literature-in-higher-education-libraries-in-sierra-leone/</link> <comments>https://czgptln.info/managing-periodical-literature-in-higher-education-libraries-in-sierra-leone/#comments</comments> <pubDate>Fri, 05 May 2023 11:04:42 +0000</pubDate> <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator> <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category> <category><![CDATA[american education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[dp education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[education american]]></category> <category><![CDATA[education reform]]></category> <category><![CDATA[education system]]></category> <category><![CDATA[educational]]></category> <category><![CDATA[educational video for kids]]></category> <category><![CDATA[educational videos for kids]]></category> <category><![CDATA[motion education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[public education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[samurai education]]></category> <category><![CDATA[sex education]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://czgptln.info/?p=66</guid> <description><![CDATA[INTRODUCTIONAt the General Conference of UNESCO held in Paris on 19th November, 1964, it was agreed that “a publication is a periodical if it constituted one issue in a continuous series under the same title” (Norman, 2008). Supporting this notion, … <a href="https://czgptln.info/managing-periodical-literature-in-higher-education-libraries-in-sierra-leone/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> INTRODUCTIONAt the General Conference of UNESCO held in Paris on 19th November, 1964, it was agreed that “a publication is a periodical if it constituted one issue in a continuous series under the same title” (Norman, 2008). Supporting this notion, a periodical literature is published at regular intervals over an indefinite period, individual issues in the series being unnumbered. On this note, a periodical literature is a publication with a distinctive title which appears at stated or regular intervals without prior decision as to when the last issue shall appear. It contains articles, stories, or other writings by several contributors. Periodical literature is used in its narrower sense as indicating transactions and percentages of societies, daily newspapers magazines, scholarly journals, trade journals, review journals. Like most underdeveloped and developing countries in the world inadequate funding of higher education libraries in Sierra Leone reflects on poorly developed periodical literature collection and as a result ineffective information service is provided to the dissatisfaction of users. Based on the value for research work in the academia, managing periodical literature in higher education libraries in Sierra Leone should be the need for a collection of standard periodical literature in academic libraries is necessary.HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN SIERRA LEONESierra Leone operates a 6-3-3-4 system of education are subdivided into six(6) years at the primary level, three(3) years at the Junior Secondary level, three(3) at the Senior Secondary level, and a minimum of four(4) years at the tertiary level. This sub-division allows the implementation of curriculum that takes account of the different pupils more fully. The general aim of education policy in Sierra Leone is to provide every child with an education which takes fully into an account: character development: his interest ability and aptitude; his emotional, psychological and physical well-being; the manpower needs of the country; the equal importance of both academic and non-academic education; the need for a literature and numerate populace.; the economic resources of the state, so that his education can be of use to the country and at the same time provide opportunities for him to be successful in life.Higher education is post-secondary education given in a university, college or polytechnique and is the stage of specialisation. The objectives of higher education vary according to the institution and course of study but generally include the acquisition physical and intellectual skills necessary for the development of both the individual and his society. In Sierra Leone, higher educational institutions form the basis of educational advancement following the completion of secondary education. Higher education is the most effective means altering the outlook of people through the broadening of their horizon. Societal development to a large extent is dependent on the human resource empowerment and development. Against this background, higher educational institutions play a pivotal role in developing the human resource to contribute positively and meaningfully to the socio-economic, political and educational development of Sierra Leone.Higher educational institutions in Sierra Leone are the University of Sierra Leone, Ernest Bai Koroma University and Njala University which are state owned and University of Makeni and Limkonwong University which are private owned. The constituent colleges under the University of Sierra Leone include Fourah Bay College(FBC), Institute of Public Administration and Management(IPAM) and College of Medicine and Allied Health Science(COMAHS); Bo Campus and Njala University. The higher educational institutions of collegiate status include Milton Margai College of Education and Technology; Eastern Polytechnigue; Bonthe Polytechnique; Freetown Teacher. Port Loko Teachers College and these offer courses leading to the award of diplomas and Certificate. On the contrary, the state-owned and private -owned universities offer Certificates, Diploma, Undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses in various disciplines in the faculty of their respective institutions. The curricula differs from institution to institution and curricula and programmes that require the use of periodical literature include medicine, law, engineering, education, agriculture, arts and humanities, social sciences, pure and applied sciences, technology, management and administration. To a greater extent, the Central Government, through subventions funds for higher educational institutions to enhance their smooth-running, even though some donor agencies do render financial assistance to these institutions in addition to internal funds generated by them.HIGHER EDUCATION LIBRARIES IN SIERRA LEONELibraries are storage of information and information is such a valuable commodity that its immense contribution to national development cannot be underestimated. Higher education libraries are the nerve centres of all academic activities. This simply implies that these libraries contribute to the teaching/learning and research programmes of the parent institutions by providing the needed information services for undergraduate and postgraduate students, teaching staff, researchers, administrative and technical staff. Effective academic work is dependent on quality information service and the library plays a significant role in this regard. According to Frederick Ken Nicol information is an important source used by organisations to deliver appropriate product or services to customers(2011 p.64). In this vein, higher education libraries manage information to satisfactorily meet the need of their clientele. Thus, information needs to be planned for in the same way that human and financial resources are planned to ensure increased productivity and efficient service delivery. Therefore, academic libraries like all other organisations that have thought out and systematic information planning process stand out to benefit more those that do not. Well-planned and organised information enhances effective service delivery.Higher education libraries in Sierra Leone support research work, community development and complement the teaching/learning processes in their respective parent institutions. In this regard, good management of higher education libraries is the organisations and maintenance of a well-balanced and vibrant collection in ensuring that the information needs of users are satisfactorily met. The different collections stocked in these institutions include but not limited to general book collection on all disciplines to loan by users out of the library building, specialised collection, reference collection and periodical literature and the quantum of their contents depends on the size of the library and its readership. Developing and maintaining a well-stocked collection as well as recruiting and empowering competent and qualified staff is largely dependent on the financial strength of the library. Therefore academic libraries need to be prioritised by their parent bodies when it comes to annual budget approval and allocations for their effective operations.Managing academic libraries could be linked with the services they offer. Since the operations of academic libraries are gear towards the provision of effective services, this is only actualised by purchasing multiple copies of textbooks, recent journals and a good collection of recommended texts for background reading to develop and organise an academic library for effective academic work.PERIODICAL LITERATURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION LIBRARIES AND MANAGEMENTThe provision of higher education libraries is necessary in complementing the teaching/learning process and for effective research work. In this regard, premium should be put on the management of periodical literature in higher education libraries taking into account their significance in providing current and researchable information.Since periodical literature forms part of the collection of an academic library, a large percentage of its budget allocated should be utilised for the purchase of current and popular journals. The periodicals to be acquired should be titles recommended by faculty members in collaboration with the periodical Librarian across disciplines offered in the institution such as Library Quarterly; Journal of Sociology; Chemical, Abstracts; Soils Science Journal; International Journal of Management; Clinical Science Quarterly. It is important to note that organising and maintaining periodicals in higher education libraries differ from institution to institution.Initially, periodicals were published to enable philosophers and Scientist to communicate their new ideas and thought to others interested in the same or similar subjects. Today, periodicals are principal media for publishing original learned papers and the state-of-the-art reviews. They are increasingly important as they can be useful for both current and retrospective information needed by academics.Lawson(2014) opined that the significance attached to periodical literature necessitates the development of a strong periodical literature collection as part of the library stock. The writer of this article, however revealed that periodicals are of great significance in higher education libraries in that:<br />new topics new discoveries and technologies are usually introduced in articles in periodicals;</p><p>they supply generally the latest possible information on a given subjects;</p><p>they are often the purely source of materials on new subjects;</p><p>they supply a particular article to a reader who has seen it cited in a book or another journal; and</p><p>they provide an overview of the state of a given discipline at a particular time.</p><p>Also periodical article may remain invaluable information sources for a generation or indeed for a longer period. Periodical articles are usually fairly concise, often very reliable and frequently well-illustrated. A point to note is that periodical carry current information on most disciplines.Further significance of periodical literature in higher education libraries as asserted is that they are primary source of new information, whether it be the result of research, news items, statistical data, announcement, correspondence, advertisements about a products and services or whatever. Each type of periodical is important to at least a group of people in academia, relating to their work, or leisure activities; some have ephemera existence; others may be useful for many years, even indefinitely. Taking into the consideration the significance of periodical literature in higher education libraries, their selection and acquisition either by subscription, donation or exchange should be a collaborative effort between the libraries and staff of the various colleges and universities.Periodical literature in higher education libraries in Sierra Leone include journals, indexes, abstracts, magazines, serials and their organisations and management differs from library to library. Issues of all received periodical literature are recorded on a kardex and any missing issue should be claimed from the publisher. Before displaying and shelving them, all recorded issues are claimed with the ex libri stamp of the library in question. When all the issues to complete a volume are received, they are then put together to be sent to bindery or conservation unit for either hard cover binding or stitching. Users of periodical literature in these institutions include students, lecturers and researchers. Periodical literatures are to be used within the walls of the Periodical Department. However, users are allowed to take them out to photocopy the required pages after signing for them. Lecturers are given conception to loan them on short term basis and loan records are kept to recall overdue issues. The maintenance of periodical literature is as importance as the other collections of the library.CHALLENGESThe major challenge higher education libraries in Sierra Leone face is funding. These libraries are inadequately funded by their parent bodies to a point that the smooth-running of their operations in ensuring effective information service delivery is greatly hampered. For an academic library to develop and maintain a vibrant periodical literature collection depend on how well it is funded. Collection development in higher education libraries in Sierra Leone has faced challenges of fulfilling the demand of their clientele with an increasing scarcity of funds to cope with the high cost of periodical publications. As the result of the law budget allocated to run these libraries, subscribing to the required journal title poses a serious problem for the Acquisition Librarian. Some volumes are incomplete; missing issues are hard to replace and the purchase of kardexes on which received journal issues are recorded is not quite feasible since the library operates within a limited financial resources.In effectively operating higher education libraries, both the human and financial factors should be balanced as these two are inseparable in achieving the desired goal of an organisation. Against this background, colleges and universities in Sierra Leone with the support of the Ministry of Technical and higher Education should re-defined their respective libraries so that premium could be placed on the subscription of relevant journal titles as well as claiming missing issues from publishers and their agents.Another challenge higher education libraries in Sierra Leone faced in managing their periodical literature collection is that of storage space. Most of these libraries with the exception of Fourah Bay College(FBC) library which has a separate Periodical Department, do not have enough space for newly acquired titles. The storage problems these libraries faced leads to the frequent weeding of periodical literature to create space for subsequent issues.The cost involved in conserving and preserving periodical volumes and issues is another challenge in managing periodical literature in higher education libraries. Unbound, unstitched issues can be easily snatched away especially for those in heavy demand. Completing the problems are those of heavy use of limited copies. Opening hours of periodical literature collection and loan system; inadequate staff situation and capacity building for staff to effectively manage periodical literature collection which implies that recruited staff should be trained academically and professionally to enhance their competence and efficiency; misuse and abuse of periodicals in terms of theft mutilation of important articles thereby depriving other users and rough handling that causes damage which simply means insecurity; digitisation of periodical literature collection as a way of modernising it in this information Age whereby information is processed, preserved and retrieve electronically in ensuring speed and accuracy; unavailability of online copies and photocopiers taking into account the growing number of periodical literature.Any treatment of collection development in higher education libraries cannot afford to overlook the question of periodicals which can be seen as a challenge. As valued sources of recent and reliable information for researchers and academics, periodicals are of great significance. The role they play for the advancement of knowledge to combat illiteracy cannot be underestimated. Periodical literature remains vital sources of information for a generational period. Higher education librarians may not be able to judge the intrinsic value of periodicals but should know something about their value to the institution in question and pattern of use which are important criteria for judging their value.Periodical literature can be of great significance in higher education libraries in Sierra Leone and so their effective management should be of concern to the librarians and university authorities. In developing periodical literature collections in academic libraries ensure balanced collection of current journal titles in subject areas relevant to the curriculum, librarian-faculty collaboration is crucial. The adequacy of periodical literature collection depend on journal titles selected and acquired to be added to the existing stock to meet the needs of the curriculum of the institution and those of users. In view of these challenges, the authorities of higher education libraries in Sierra Leone should see the need to solicit adequate funds through lobbying the Government, NGOs, parastatals and philanthropists to render financial assistance for the effective cooperation of their libraries. Advocating by librarians for good budget allocation is quite in place and the step in the right direction.CONCLUSIONHigher education libraries in Sierra Leone need to build and maintained vibrant periodical literature collections but this is dependent on how adequately they are funded by their respective parent institutions. Therefore, there is a need for an increase in the budget allocation of these libraries so that they can achieve their desired goals. A point-worth noting is that the appointment of qualified and competent staff in running the periodical collection of these libraries should be taken into keen consideration as both the human and financial factors should be well balanced in enhancing effective service delivery. Capacity building of the recruited staff to a large extent is fundamental for efficient performance ensures their upward mobility which is seen as a motivational factor. Staff of the periodical literature collection should be security-conscious to avoid the misuse and abuse of periodicals. The use of periodical should be closely monitored by staff so that pages are not mutilated and heavily used issues are not taken away by users whereby others are deprived. Photocopying facilities should be provided within the library, so that needed pages are photocopied by users on request. The availability of adequate funds enhances the digitisation of periodical literature collection thereby ensuring the availability of online copies which makes the management of periodical literature in higher education libraries in Sierra Leone advantageous. The librarians of these institutions should endeavour to revisit the opening hours of their periodical literature collections as long hours could allow profitable use of the time of users.REFERENCESDonaldson, Frank H. (2010). Managing periodicals in academic libraries. New York: Prentice Hall.Findlay, Jane Rose (2011). How to develop and run a periodical collection in a college library? London: ELM Publications.Lawson, Eric J.(2014). What is a periodical and its significance for researchers? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Nicol, Frederick Ken(2011). How to acquire and manage periodical publications in research libraries? New York: Academic Press.Norman, Betty Ann(2008). The use of periodicals in college libraries. 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